​​How to run a successful poultry business for 100,000-Bird Layer Farm

Discover the essential strategies to run a successful poultry business with a 100,000-bird layer farm in 2025.Why is the profit per layer as low as only ¥1.76 in the Chinese market this year ? You might say, “How can it be so low?” Yet, many people would actually consider it a blessing just to break even without losses this year.

Profitability Analysis Report for a 100,000-Bird Layer Farm in 2025

​I. Core Production Performance & Market Assumptions​

​Farm Scale​

• Breed & Quantity: Hy-Line laying hens, 100,000 birds
• Breeding Cycle: 510 days (Peak laying period starts on Jan 1, 2025; Culling on Dec 30, 2025)

​Table 1: Core Production Parameters & Background Data (360 eggs/case，​22.5 kg)​​

Month	Lay Rate	Daily Output (cases)	Egg Price (RMB/case)	Feed Cost (RMB/ton)
Jan	95%	264	179	2,350
Feb	95%	264	139	2,350
Mar	95%	264	152	2,350
Apr	95%	264	154	2,500
May	92%	256	139	2,500
Jun	92%	256	140	2,500
Jul	92%	256	150	2,550
Aug	90%	250	180	2,550
Sep	90%	250	200	2,550
Oct	90%	250	180	2,550
Nov	88%	244	170	2,500
Dec	88%	244	170	2,500

​Table 2: Daily Cost Breakdown (Dynamic Calculation Reference)​​

Cost Item	Calculation Method	Amount (RMB/day)	Notes
Feed Cost	Feed price/ton × 12 tons	Variable	Changes monthly per Table 1
Packaging Cost	7 RMB/case × Daily output	Variable	Changes with daily output
Egg Collection		500
Mortality Cost		640
Healthcare		1,000
Labor & Utilities		700
Manure Handling		333
​Total Daily Cost​		​Variable​	Mainly affected by feed price & output

​II. Profit Calculation Logic & Results​

​Table 3: Monthly Income & Profit Calculation Summary (Updated)​​

Month	Monthly Income (RMB)	Monthly Expenses (RMB)	Monthly Profit (RMB)
Jan	179 × 264 × 30 = 1,417,680	996,630	421,050
Feb	139 × 264 × 30 = 1,100,880	993,690	107,190
Mar	152 × 264 × 30 = 1,203,840	993,690	210,150
Apr	154 × 264 × 30 = 1,219,680	1,050,630	169,050
May	139 × 256 × 30 = 1,067,520	1,048,950	18,570
Jun	140 × 256 × 30 = 1,075,200	1,048,950	26,250
Jul	150 × 256 × 30 = 1,152,000	1,066,950	85,050
Aug	180 × 250 × 30 = 1,350,000	1,065,690	284,310
Sep	200 × 250 × 30 = 1,500,000	1,065,690	434,310
Oct	180 × 250 × 30 = 1,350,000	1,065,690	284,310
Nov	170 × 244 × 30 = 1,244,400	1,046,430	197,970
Dec	170 × 244 × 30 = 1,244,400	1,046,430	197,970
​Total​	​14,925,600​	​12,489,420​	​2,436,180​

​Table 4: Spent Hen Revenue & Initial Costs Summary​

Item	Calculation Method	Amount (RMB)
​Spent Hen Revenue​
Number Sold	100,000 × (1 – 8%) = 92,000 birds
Avg Weight	4 jin/bird
Price	5 RMB/jin
Total Revenue	92,000 × 4 × 5	​1,840,000​
​Initial Investment​
Pullet Cost	100,000 × 18 RMB/bird	1,800,000
Initial Feed Cost	100,000 × 18 RMB/bird	1,800,000
Initial Labor & Healthcare	100,000 × 5 RMB/bird	500,000
​Total Initial Cost​		​4,100,000​

​Table 5: Overall Profit & Loss Calculation​

Indicator	Calculation Method	Amount (RMB)
Gross Profit from Eggs		2,436,180
Spent Hen Revenue		1,840,000
​Total Revenue​	2,436,180 + 1,840,000	​4,276,180​
​Total Initial Cost​		​4,100,000​
​Net Profit​	4,276,180 – 4,100,000	​176,180​
​Profit Per Bird​	176,180 ÷ 100,000	​​≈1.76 RMB​

​III. Key Profit Conditions & Risk Warnings​

​1. Production Performance Requirements​

• Lay Rate: Peak rate of 95% must be maintained for over 4 months; annual average should remain above 90% for 10 months.
• Health Management: No major disease outbreaks; only basic healthcare allowed without additional medication costs.

​2. Risk Warnings​

• Excluded Costs: This calculation excludes fixed asset depreciation and capital interest; actual profit may be lower.
• Market Risks: Egg price fluctuations pose the biggest risk. 200 RMB/case is the break-even point; higher prices or lower costs are needed for substantial profit.

​3. Conclusion​
Under the given assumptions, this project can achieve marginal profitability. However, success highly depends on excellent farming management and stable market prices.

​This data only reflects the situation in China. Egg prices in other countries and regions may vary significantly. After checking the prices elsewhere, I finally understand why it’s been so hard to make a profit this year.

Eggs (regular) (12), Markets（https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/country_price_rankings?itemId=11）

Number	Country	Price (USD)	Number	国家/地区	Country
1	Switzerland	7.57	64	Venezuela	2.55
2	Iceland	6.52	65	Oman	2.54
3	New Zealand	6.42	66	Moldova	2.53
4	Denmark	5.10	67	​Mexico​	​2.45​
5	Luxembourg	5.07	68	Ghana	2.41
6	Netherlands	4.91	69	Georgia	2.39
7	Austria	4.85	70	Guatemala	2.35
8	Norway	4.57	71	Armenia	2.33
9	Australia	4.53	72	South Africa	2.31
10	Greece	4.52	73	Mozambique	2.30
11	Cyprus	4.44	74	Ethiopia	2.28
12	Sweden	4.44	75	Ivory Coast	2.27
13	France	4.41	76	North Macedonia	2.24
14	Uruguay	4.40	77	Mauritius	2.23
15	United States	4.38	78	Turkey	2.19
16	Israel	4.37	79	Botswana	2.18
17	Trinidad And Tobago	4.33	80	Colombia	2.18
18	Ireland	4.30	81	Japan	2.18
19	Italy	4.10	82	Tanzania	2.17
20	Belgium	4.07	83	Ecuador	2.17
21	United Kingdom	3.99	84	Jordan	2.17
22	Germany	3.90	85	Thailand	2.13
23	Slovakia	3.87	86	Nicaragua	2.12
24	Slovenia	3.84	87	Brazil	2.12
25	Croatia	3.82	88	Zimbabwe	2.10
26	Malta	3.81	89	Philippines	2.10
27	Albania	3.81	90	Sri Lanka	2.07
28	Papua New Guinea	3.79	91	Kuwait	2.06
29	Chile	3.55	92	Madagascar	2.05
30	Hong Kong (China)	3.52	93	Cameroon	2.05
31	Bulgaria	3.51	94	Mongolia	2.03
32	Canada	3.50	95	Malaysia	2.02
33	Finland	3.47	96	Bolivia	2.00
34	Poland	3.46	97	Morocco	1.97
35	Jamaica	3.42	98	Nigeria	1.91
36	Costa Rica	3.39	99	Uganda	1.88
37	Czech Republic	3.36	100	Paraguay	1.85
38	Cuba	3.34	101	Algeria	1.81
39	Romania	3.29	102	Myanmar	1.80
40	Singapore	3.25	103	Tajikistan	1.77
41	Montenegro	3.25	104	Ukraine	1.76
42	Portugal	3.22	105	Iraq	1.75
43	Palestine	3.15	106	Syria	1.73
44	United Arab Emirates	3.13	107	Russia	1.70
45	Spain	3.11	108	Kyrgyzstan	1.66
46	Latvia	3.10	109	Kosovo (Disputed Territory)	1.65
47	Lithuania	3.09	110	Tunisia	1.64
48	Fiji	3.02	111	Dominican Republic	1.63
49	Hungary	3.00	112	Rwanda	1.62
50	Estonia	2.93	113	China	1.58
51	South Korea	2.89	114	Nepal	1.58
52	Bosnia And Herzegovina	2.88	115	Indonesia	1.57
53	Namibia	2.85	116	Kenya	1.56
54	Taiwan	2.84	117	Uzbekistan	1.56
55	Argentina	2.74	118	Kazakhstan	1.54
56	El Salvador	2.69	119	Vietnam	1.46
57	Qatar	2.67	120	Egypt	1.46
58	Serbia	2.67	121	Azerbaijan	1.44
59	Lebanon	2.67	122	Libya	1.30
60	Peru	2.66	123	Belarus	1.30
61	Bahrain	2.62	124	Pakistan	1.18
62	Panama	2.61	125	Bangladesh	1.16
63	Saudi Arabia	2.55	126	Iran	1.12
			127	India	0.94

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